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Eyewitness disintegration syndrome2/1/2024 ![]() Motor-sensory cortex: model and validation. Kanazawa I (2001) Hemispheric lateralization KR (1999) Localization and characterization Perisylvian cortex: a functional magnetic (1999) Brain regions involved in articulation. Stroke: lesion topography, clinicoradiologic This syndrome consists of errors whose classification under the Phonetic or the Phonemic label is still controversial. Syndrome (pure anarthria): anatomo-clinical report of a historical The speech of these patients, apart from being slow and reduced, shows the features that Alajouanine, Ombredane, and Durand (1939) termed the Phonetic Disintegration Syndrome. Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is caused by the disintegration of malignant cells, usually following the instigation of chemotherapy, although it may already be established at the time of initial presentation in a minority of cases. Cortico-cortical fibers connecting face-M1 with the lower premotor areas including Broca's area may also be important for articulatory control. The cases suggest the existence of a localized brain region specialized for articulation near face-M1. Overlay of magnetic resonance images revealed a localized cortical region near face-M1, which displayed high intensity on diffusion weighted images, while the main portion of the corticobulbar fibers arising from the lower third of the motor cortex was preserved. ![]() The speech disturbance was limited to verbal output, without aphasia or orofacial apraxia. There was a mild deficit in tongue movements in the sagittal plane that impaired palatolingual contact and rapid tongue movements. Speech was slow, effortful, lacking normal prosody, and more affected than expected from the degree of facial or tongue palsy. Here we describe three cases of patients who developed severe dysarthria, temporarily mimicking speech arrest or aphemia, due to a localized brain lesion near the left face representation of the human primary motor cortex (face-M1). All rights reserved.No clinical data have yet been presented to show that a lesion localized to the primary motor area (M1) can cause severe transient impairment of articulation, although a motor representation for articulation has been suggested to exist within M1. Testing ultimately found a normal MRI, demyelination of the optic nerve, and progressive thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer, leading to a diagnosis of CIS.Ĭopyright © 2012 American Optometric Association. ![]() This article describes a 40-year-old woman who experienced a sudden loss of vision in the right eye. Treatment is aimed at delaying the onset of a second neurologic episode, reducing the accumulation of MRI-detected brain lesions and delaying the development of definite MS. When distinctive brain lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) accompany CIS, the person is considered at a high risk for MS. As the name implies, CIS is an isolated condition but is often considered a precursor to multiple sclerosis (MS). Most commonly, corticobasal degeneration is characterized by a buildup of tau in brain cells, which may lead to their deterioration and the symptoms of corticobasal degeneration. The optic nerve is a frequent site affected by this neurologic event. Corticobasal degeneration (corticobasal syndrome) can be caused by several underlying pathologies. Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) describes a single, first-occurrence attack caused by inflammation/demyelination in 1 or more locations in the central nervous system.
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